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1. Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks
0.1
Preface
1.1
Overview of Catastrophic AI Risks
1.2
Malicious Use
1.3
AI Race
1.4
Organizational Risks
1.5
Rogue AIs
1.6
Discussion of Connections Between Risks
2. AI Fundamentals
2.1
AI Fundamentals
2.2
Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning
2.3
Deep Learning
2.4
Scaling Laws
2.5
Conclusion
3. Single Agent Safety
3.1
Single Agent Safety
3.2
Monitoring
3.3
Robustness
3.4
Alignment
3.5
Systemic Safety
3.6
Safety and General Capabilities
3.7
Conclusion
4. Safety Engineering
4.1
Safety Engineering
4.2
Risk Decomposition
4.3
Nines of Reliability
4.4
Safe Design Principles
4.5
Component Failure Accident Models and Methods
4.6
Systemic Factors
4.7
Tail Events and Black Swans
4.8
Conclusion
5. Complex Systems
5.1
Complex Systems
5.2
Introduction to Complex Systems
5.3
Complex Systems for AI Safety
5.4
Conclusion
6. Beneficial AI and Machine Ethics
6.1
Beneficial AI and Machine Ethics
6.2
Law
6.3
Fairness
6.4
The Economic Engine
6.5
Wellbeing
6.6
Preferences
6.7
Happiness
6.8
Social Welfare Functions
6.9
Moral Uncertainty
7. Collective Action Problems
7.1
Collective Action Problems
7.2
Game Theory
7.3
Cooperation
7.4
Conflict
7.5
Evolutionary Pressures
7.6
Conclusion
8. Governance
8.1
Governance
8.2
Timelines
8.3
Distribution
8.4
Compute Governance
8.5
Corporate Governance
8.6
National Governance
8.7
International Governance
8.8
Conclusion
9. Appendices
9.1
Acknowledgements
10.1
App. A: Normative Ethics
11.1
App. B: Utility Functions
12.1
App. C: Reinforcement Learning
13.1
App. D: Long-Tailed and Thin-Tailed Distributions
14.1
App. E: Evolutionary Game Theory
15.1
App. F: Other Cooperation Mechanisms
16.1
App. G: Intrasystem Conflict Causes
All
Section
Appendix
1.2

Malicious Use

AI systems could be used for malicious purposes such as terrorism, manipulation and disinformation, or entrenching a totalitarian state.

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Review Questions

What are two ways that advanced AIs could aid in the creation of dangerous bioweapons?

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Answer:

AIs may expedite the discovery of new, more deadly chemical and biological weapons by generating novel toxic molecules or proteins. General purpose AIs may also provide step-by-step instructions to potential bioterrorists on how to evade safety protocols and synthesize deadly pathogens.

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How might the ideology of "accelerationism" lead some groups to intentionally unleash rogue AIs?

Answer:

Accelerationists seek to rapidly advance AI development without restrictions. Some believe AIs are humanity's successors and that preventing AIs from displacing humans would be "speciesist."

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In what ways could AIs be used to severely exacerbate the spread of disinformation?

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Answer:

AIs could generate personalized false narratives tailored to specific individuals. AIs could exploit people's trust if they have access to extensive personal information.

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0.1
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.7
4.8
5.1
5.2
5.3
5.4
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
9.1
10.1
11.1
12.1
13.1
14.1
15.1
16.1
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